new naval bases for indian cost guard and navy

The sea breeze kicked whitecaps to life in the Arabian Sea and then swept into Karwar harbour. It rattled the thatched bamboo huts on the shore and swept over the old brown houses standing on Kadamba-era ruins. Then on to the Hanuman temple and the small restaurant with umpteen fish dishes on its menu. Then upward to ruffle the leafy crowns of the coconut palms. Then, to the Karwar naval base, where the Indian Navy is developing a mammoth base.

Part of a larger blueprint called Project Seabird, the base will be one of the larger naval bases in Asia and will have an exclusive military harbour. It will house around 40 warships, an air force station and submarines. Most of the Indian Navy’s recent and future acquisitions will come home to this little port town in Karnataka.

Around 110km south of Goa, the base has been off-limits for most people. Workers on the project know little about the scale or scope of the base. Not surprisingly, visitors, including the media, are shown only what the Navy wants them to see.

The beautiful Casuarina and Arga beaches and the idyllic Anjadiv island also fall under the base, which has a multi-layer security protocol comprising checkpoints, watch towers, infrared devices, CCTV cameras and air patrols.

All maps and documents of the base are cocooned in secrecy, and places are identified only by code names. The main project file might be hidden deep inside some cabinet in the Navy HQ. Rear Admiral C.S. Murthy, director-general, Project Seabird, keeps a hawk-eye on every tiny detail of the project.

Spread over 11,200 acres and with a 26km-long coastline, the base has 1,200 officers and sailors. Said Commodore Rajiv Jaswal, who heads the base: “As a long-range base, Karwar is perfect. It is convenient, isolated and safe. The extent of the land available in and around Karwar will help the Navy disperse its assets, a crucial wartime necessity.” He said Karwar’s hilly terrain provided excellent camouflage for ground installations, and there could even be rock-cut pens for submarines.
Jaswal said the base had generated enough curiosity abroad to make most defence attaches come calling at least once during their tenure. In 2008, Admiral Wu Shengli, the first Chinese navy chief to visit India, called at Karwar. Most visitors are restricted to administrative buildings and non-classified facilities. FAQs are about the classes and number of warships that will berth here, and whether there will be a nuclear submarine. Jaswal’s reply is an expansive shrug: “Nuclear submarines are out of my ambit. I can’t possibly give you any idea about it.”

The Karwar naval base will enhance the strategic capability of the Indian Navy’s twin fleets—the eastern fleet in Visakhapatnam on the Bay of Bengal and the western fleet in Mumbai on the Arabian Sea. In addition to the smaller bases in Kochi and Port Blair, a base is coming up in Lakshadweep.

While Visakhapatnam was considered adequate for India’s security needs in the east, Mumbai was always congested. And, Mumbai’s shallow waters are an impediment for aircraft carriers. A dedicated naval base south of Mumbai will upgrade India’s capabilities on the west coast and enhance all coastal security measures that are being put in place after 26/11.

It was the 1971 war with Pakistan which convinced the Navy of the importance of having a base to itself. Admiral Oscar Stanley Dawson, former chief of the naval staff, proposed the base in Karwar. In 1971, Dawson was director of naval operations.

“It was a monumental task,” said Dawson, of the challenges of operating out of Mumbai harbour in 1971. “The movement of commercial ships made us prone to espionage. The base [in Mumbai] was and is a kind of open book. The heavy movement of merchant vessels often results in naval ships having to wait out at sea sometimes for a whole day. After the war, I did a study of the Pakistan navy and air force and concluded that we need to shift our capabilities to a new place.”

Dawson said, over the phone from his hospital bed in Bangalore, that Karwar was less vulnerable to Pakistani missile and fighter attacks. The base is about 900 nautical miles from Karachi and over 1,500nm from new Pakistan bases coming up in Gwadar and Ormara. Mumbai is only 580nm away. “Its location gives us more time to react against any threat,” Dawson said. “It is critical for the country to have berthing facilities not only for nuclear submarines but also for nuclear-powered aircraft carriers.”

Lying in the rain shadow of the hills, the project’s first phase is almost complete. The deputy director-general of Project Seabird, Commander Vinayak Apte, said he had spent many years studying the soil saturation and rainfall patterns of Karwar. “When the Navy came here there was nothing but the sea,” Apte said. The only infrastructure was a forest department building, which was the nerve centre for the project. Today, when phase one is complete, along the western shore lie a sprawl of offices, barracks, storehouses, and the beautiful Baithkol beach. A narrow ridge separates the main area from the rest of the base. One needs clearance to move from one block to another.

In phase one, the Navy has provided berths for 10 warships, created the harbour, dredged the approach channel and anchorage area and reclaimed 49 hectares. At the base, the ships and submarines can be refuelled through a 7km pipeline. A submarine tunnel secures fibre optic cables and power cables for berthed ships.

Shore facilities include the country’s sole naval repair yard, store depots, transport workshops, armament depots and a missile depot. The naval armament depot at Amdalli village is now functional. Commander Basav Raj, who is closely involved with the project, said building the breakwaters was the most challenging job. The longest breakwater is 3.1km long and runs between Round island and Arga island. Around four million cubic metres of rock was used to build the breakwaters.

“We simply filled the belly of the ocean with rocks. At times, it was hopeless work,” said Basav Raj, as he pointed to Aligadde Hill, where the quarries are. He said breakwaters protect the base from high tides and provide safe passage for ships during war.
The base has a shiplift with a capacity of 10,000 tonnes. A shiplift is simply a large elevator to lift ships on to land. As one shiplift can serve many repair yards, many warships can be repaired simultaneously. Basav Raj said a shiplift is a “force-multiplier” as ships spend less time waiting for free repair yards. When THE WEEK visited the yards, the INS Nirdeshak was being repaired.

Though the base was inaugurated in 2005, the next phase has not started yet. As always, the issue is that of money. Defence ministry budget planners accuse the Navy of failing to prioritise its various missions. Though the admirals are not satisfied, since 1998, Project Seabird has enjoyed enhanced budgetary support from successive governments.

In 1985, Project Seabird was first approved with an initial outlay of Rs:350 crore. But budgetary constraints forced the Navy to redraw its plans in 1995. The original plan was to build berths for 22 warships, but the plan was partially shelved as it received money for only 10 berths. Dawson said that the Navy’s internal politics delayed the plan by 15 years. Withholding names, he said, some officers did not want his idea to be approved.
The work finally commenced in 1999 with an allocation of Rs:2,500 crore. Problems in land acquisition and compensation for families from 13 villages compounded the delays (see box).

At the Navy HQ, planners are now giving the final touches to phase two, which should have started in 2005 and be completed by 2010. The Navy has received approval for phase two and the Cabinet Committee on Security is expected to clear funds in late 2011. The phase will see expansion of the base, induction of a second floating dock and upgradation of dockyards and aircraft repair yards.
Navy sources said the base should be able to host an aircraft carrier after completion of phase two. It will have to develop infrastructure for the maintenance of the carrier assigned here. The base will also house a wide variety of smaller ships, including 10 of the 80 fast-interceptor craft of the Sagar Prahari Bal, the specialised force created for coastal security.

Phase two will also include an airport at Alageri village near Ankola. With Goa’s Dabolim airport seeing more civilian use, Alageri will become the premier naval aviation hub. It will be home to long-range maritime reconnaissance aircraft, a full range of helicopters and the MiG-29Ks that will come with the INS Vikramaditya.
Opinion is divided on whether the western command in Mumbai should eventually shift to Karwar, as it will put the huge facility to optimum use. But officials at the Navy HQ say there is no such plan. “The western command in Mumbai will remain critical for the Navy’s operational plans,” said a senior Navy official. “Karwar could have its own Flag Officer Commanding, who could report directly to HQ.”

During his annual press conference, Admiral Nirmal Verma, chief of the naval staff, said: “Our expanding maritime interest requires a growing Navy to cater to growth plans. We also have had to put new infrastructure in place; these include a second phase of expansion of the Karwar base.”
But Dawson has a word of caution: “My concern is that the Navy should not wring everything in. That will prove detrimental to India’s security, especially in the event of nuclear attack. India will see the importance of the base in future. It will emerge as the Navy’s principal war-fighting base.”

In the regional perspective, too, Karwar is seen an important outpost. Australian strategic expert Alexander Gordon, author of India’s Rise to Power, said the base would play a major role in securing the seas also for countries like Australia, which rely on imports and exports through maritime routes in the Arabian Sea.
“India is the naval power of the future in the Indian Ocean region. [And] it has a three to one steaming advantage over non-littoral powers and will play an increasingly important role in addressing the non-conventional security threats,” said Gordon. “Karwar will doubtless play an important role in this regard. India’s major challenge is not so much to be ‘assertive’ in the Indian Ocean, but rather to police its massive territorial waters and act as part of a common approach to ensuring that the vital sea lanes are protected.”

And, it is not just the Navy that has a stake here. The Army, does, too. At Karwar, as the sun sets, Indian Army soldiers return to their camp after a tough day of amphibious military assault exercises. The soldiers are taking advantage of the base to develop capability to deliver a full brigade strength contingent of troops with arms, ammunition and tanks outside the Indian mainland.

The soldiers and their equipment and tanks came off the INS Jalashwa. The soldiers who are stationed here for the exercise are not allowed to move beyond their camps. Why so hush-hush, we ask Captain Punkaj Singh, commanding officer of INS Kadamba. “We know the base is already on Google Earth,” said Singh. “The people know we have a base here and that it is okay with us. But the enemy should not know what capability we have here. That is critical. Even if you stay here for a month you will not be able to figure out the assets the base contains.” Military planners in Delhi will be pleased to know that critical assets are safe and ready out there in Karwar. Somewhere above or below the sea.

india's top secret wepon kali 5000 makes fear in all nations

 

MUMBAI - The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (Barc) here is in the final
stages of assembling a powerful electron accelerating machine named
''Kali-5000`` which, its scientists say, can potentially be used as a beam
weapon.
Bursts of microwaves packed with gigawatts of power (one gigawatt is 1000
million watts) produced by this machine, when aimed at enemy missiles and
aircraft, will cripple their electronics systems and computer chips and
bring them down.
uencies.

According to scientists, ''soft killing`` by high power microwaves has
advantages over the so called laser weapon which destroys by drilling
holes through metal.

Kali-5000 will be ready for testing by the end of this year, according to
Mr P H Ron, head of the accelerator and pulse power division at Barc and
chief designer of India`s first star wars weapon.

However, in the present form India`s beam weapon is too bulky - it weighs
26 tons - including tanks containing 12000 litres of oil. Mr Ron said some
''compacting`` was possible.

He said Kali (kilo-ampere linear injector) machine was developed for
industrial applications and that the defence use was a recent spinoff. He,
however, declined to elaborate.

Describing it as a machine ''bordering basic research,`` Atomic Energy
Commission Chairman Rajagopalan Chidambaram admitted in an interview that
it has military potential. ''There are some technologies we have to be in
touch with because they may become useful (later),`` he said.

Development of the Kali machine was mooted in 1985 by Dr Chidambaram, then
director of Barc, but work earnestly began in 1989.

Mr Ron said the machine essentially generated pulses of highly energetic
electrons. Other components in the machine down the line converted the
electrons into flash x-rays (for ultra high-speed photography) or
microwaves. The electron beam itself can be used for welding.

The Defence Balistics Research Institute in Chandigarh is already using an
x-ray version of Kali to study speed of projectiles.

Another defense institute in Bangalore is using a microwave-producing
version of Kali which the scientists use for testing the vulnerability of
the electronic systems going into the light combat aircraft under
development and designing electrostatic shields to protect them from
microwave attack by the enemy.

According to Barc scientists, the Kali machine has for the first time
provided India a way to ''harden`` the electronic systems used in
satellites and missiles against the deadly electromagnetic impulses (Emi)
generated by nuclear weapons.

The Emi wrecks havoc by creating intense electric field of several
thousand volts per centimeter. The electronic components currently used in
missiles can withstand fields of Just 300 volts per centimeter.

While the Kali systems built so far are single shot pulse power systems
(they produce one burst of microwaves and the next burst comes much
later), Kali-5000 is a rapid fire device, and hence its potential as a
beam weapon.

According to Barc-published reports, the machine will shoot several
thousand bursts of microwaves, each burst lasting for just 60 billionths
of a second and packed with a power of about four gigawatts.

The high power microwave pulses travel in a straight line and do not
dissipate their energy if the frequency falls between three and ten
gigahertz.

According to Barc scientists, a microwave power of 150 megawatts has
already been demonstrated in earlier versions of Kali.

indian kali 5000 can distroy uav's and enemy satellites

  The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) has assembled `KALI-5000' is a powerful electron accelerating machine assembled by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, which, its scientists say, can potentially be used as a beam weapon.

Bursts of microwaves packed with gigawatts of power (one gigawatt is 1000 million watts) produced by this machine, when aimed at enemy missiles and aircraft, will cripple their electronics systems and computer chips and bring them down.

Today we bring to you the star war weapons designed and developed indigenously in our country.

At a time when missiles are increasingly becoming relevant in modern warfare and when the threat of a pre-emptive nuclear attack from Pakistan is realistic, Kali-5000 is India's answer to any uninvited incoming missiles and planes. Moreover, the beam can also be used to cripple the enemy satellite and UAVs in no time.

According to scientists, ''soft killing`` by high power microwaves has advantages over the so called laser weapon which destroys by drilling holes through metal.

Kali-5000 will be ready for testing by the end of this year, according to Mr P H Ron, head of the accelerator and internal linkpulse power division at Barc and chief designer of India`s first star wars weapon.

However, in the present form India`s beam weapon is too bulky - it weighs 26 tonnes - including tanks containing 12000 litres of oil. Mr Ron said some ''compacting`` was possible. He said Kali (kilo-ampere linear injector) machine was developed for industrial applications and that the defence use was a recent spinoff. He, however, declined to elaborate.

Describing it as a machine ''bordering basic research,`` Atomic Energy Commission Chairman Rajagopalan Chidambaram admitted in an interview that it has military potential. ''There are some technologies we have to be in touch with because they may become useful (later),`` he said.

Development of the Kali machine was mooted in 1985 by Dr Chidambaram, then director of Barc, but work earnestly began in 1989.

Mr Ron said the machine essentially generated pulses of highly energetic electrons. Other components in the machine down the line converted the electrons into flash x-rays (for ultra high-speed photography) or microwaves. The electron beam itself can be used for welding.

The Defence Balistics Research Institute in Chandigarh is already using an x-ray version of Kali to study speed of projectiles.

WORK IN BANGALORE: Another defence institute in Bangalore is using a microwave-producing version of Kali which the scientists use for testing the vulnerability of the electronic systems going into the light combat aircraft under development and designing electrostatic shields to protect them from microwave attack by the enemy.

According to Barc scientists, the Kali machine has for the first time provided India a way to ''harden`` the electronic systems used in satellites and missiles against the deadly internal linkelectromagnetic impulses (Emi) generated by nuclear weapons.

The Emi wrecks havoc by creating internal linkintenseinternal linkelectric field of several thousand volts per centimetre. The electronic components currently used in missiles can withstand fields of Just 300 volts per centimetre.

While the Kali systems built so far are single shot pulse power systems (they produce one burst of microwaves and the next burst comes much later), Kali-5000 is a rapid fire device, and hence its potential as a beam weapon.

According to Barc-published reports, the machine will shoot several thousand bursts of microwaves, each burst lasting for just 60 billionths of a second and packed with a power of about four gigawatts.

The high power microwave pulses travel in a straight line and do not dissipate their energy if the internal linkfrequency falls between three and ten gigahertz.

According to Barc scientists, a microwave power of 150 megawatts has already been demonstrated in earlier versions of Kali.

"KUDOS!! - all you men in BARC. We are proud of you!"

advanced Relativistic Electron Beams is used in india's kali 5000

  Kilo-Ampere Linear Injector (KALI)
The KALI (Kilo Ampere Linear Injector) is a linear electron accelerator being developed in India, by the Defence Research Development Organization (DRDO) and the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).

The KALI is not a laser weapon as commonly believed. It emits powerful pulses of electrons (Relativistic Electron Beams- REB). Other components in the machine down the line convert the electron energy into EM Radiation, which can be adjusted to x-ray (as Flash X-Rays) or microwave (High Power Microwave) frequencies.

This has fueled hopes that the KALI could, one day be used in a High-Power Microwave gun, which could destroy incoming missiles and aircraft through soft-kill (destroying the electronic circuitry on the missile). However, weaponising such a system has many obstacles to overcome.There are also issues of creating a complete system, which would require development of many more components. There have also been reports of placing the weaponized KALI in an Il-76 aircraft as an airborne defence system. There is also speculation of using the KALI as an Anti-satellite weapon and as a space-based weapon system, although it is unlikely that they would be implemented, given India's stance on those issues.
The KALI series (KALI 80, KALI 200, KALI 1000, KALI 5000 and KALI 10000) of accelerators are described as "Single Shot Pulsed Gigawatt Electron Accelerators". They are single shot devices, using water filled capacitors to build the charge energy. The discharge is in the range of 1GW. Initially starting with 0.4GW power, present accelerators are able to reach 40GW. Pulse time is about 60 ns.

The Microwave radiations emitted by the KALI-5000 are in the 3-5 GHz Range
If weaponized, it is quite likely that KALI would be integrated into India's fledgling Ballistic Missile Defense program.

KALI 5000 TESTED SUCCESSFULLY BY DRDO

  Single Shot Pulsed Gigawatt Electron Accelerators
Indigenous technology for Electron Accelerator technology development was carried out meticulously and has built four accelerators starting with a modest power level of 0.4 GW, APPD has successfully developed accelerators with a power level of 40 GW. KALI series of accelerators includes KALI 80, KALI 200, KALI 1000, and KALI 5000.

KALI � 5000: This system is designed to produce electron pulses of about 100 ns with an energy of about 1 MeV, current 40 kA and a power of 40 GW. This Relativistic Electron Beams (REB) thus generated will be used for the generation of High Power Microwaves (HPM) & Flash X Rays (FXR). Commissioning trials for KALI 5000 system have begun.
A view of a 1 MeV, 50 -100 ns, 40 GW pulsed accelerator (KALI 5000) is depicted below
Attachment 1300 KALI-5000 Accelerator

Attachment 1301 KALI-5000. Operation at 650KV

Multiple Shot, 1 GW, 10 -100 Hz, Linear Induction Accelerator � LINAC

This Accelerator will deliver electron beam at the rate of 10 - 100 Hz with an energy and current of 200 keV, 5kA respectively. The pulse length will be around 50 ns. In this device, double exponential electrical pulses of 20 kV/20ms produced by a solid state driver are amplified, compressed and shaped into rectangular pulses of 75 kV / 50 ns by successive stages of magnetic compression switches. These pulses are fed into a two-stage induction accelerator cavities, for accelerating the electron beams to about 1 GW of power (peak). This accelerator will also be used for generating HPM and FXR and dynamic imaging. Most of its subsystems are in the advanced stage of fabrication.

Pulse Power Systems:

A technology developed over the last 25 years or so.
Attachment 1302 80 joules Pulse power system gifted to IIT Chennai: A MARX bank based, 300 kV, 2kA, 100 ns pulse power source was gifted to High Voltage Electrical Engineering deptt. of IIT Chennai.A view of this source is shown in Figure. It is being used as an educational tool for imparting training and teaching to the B.Tech, M. Tech and Ph.D. students about designing the MARX generator and their characterizations.

The KALI (Kilo Ampere Linear Injector) is a linear electron accelerator being developed in India, by the Defence Research Development Organization (DRDO) and the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).
Overview:
The KALI is not a laser weapon as commonly believed. It emits powerful pulses of electrons (Relativistic Electron Beams- REB). Other components in the machine down the line convert the electron energy into EM Radiation, which can be adjusted to x-ray (as Flash X-Rays) or microwave (High Power Microwave) frequencies.

This has fueled hopes that the KALI could, one day be used in a High-Power Microwave gun, which could destroy incoming missiles and aircraft through soft-kill (destroying the electronic circuitry on the missile). However, weaponising such a system has many obstacles to overcome.

History:
The KALI project was first mooted in 1985 by the then Director of the BARC, Dr. R. Chidambaram. Work on the Project began in 1989, being developed by the Accelerators & Pulse Power Division of the BARC. (Dr. Chidambaram was also the Scientific advisor the Prime Minister, and the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission). DRDO is also involved with this project. It was initially developed for industrial applications, although defence applications became clearer later[1].

The first accelerators had a power of ~0.4GW, which increased as later versions were developed. These were the KALI 80, KALI 200, KALI 1000, KALI 5000 and KALI 10000.

The KALI-5000 was commissioned for use in late 2004.[2]

Design:
The KALI series (KALI 80, KALI 200, KALI 1000, KALI 5000 and KALI 10000) of accelerators are described as "Single Shot Pulsed Gigawatt Electron Accelerators"[3]. They are single shot devices, using water filled capacitors to build the charge energy. The discharge is in the range of 1GW. Initially starting with 0.4GW power, present accelerators are able to reach 40GW. Pulse time is about 60 ns.

The Microwave radiations emitted by the KALI-5000 are in the 3-5 GHz Range

The KALI-5000 is a pulsed accelerator of 1 MeV electron energy, 50-100 ns pulse time, 40kA Current and 40 GW Power level. The system is quite bulky as well, with the KALI-5000 weighing 10 tons, and the KALI-10000, weighing 26 tons. They are also very power hungry, and require a cooling tank of 12,000 liters of oil. Recharging time is also too long to make it a viable weapon in its present form.

Applications:
The KALI has been put to various uses by the DRDO. The DRDO was involved in configuring the KALI for their use.

The X-rays emitted are being used in Ballistics research as an illuminator for ultrahigh speed photography by the Defence Ballistics Research Institute (DBRL) in Chandigarh. The Microwave emissions are used for EM Research.

The microwave-producing version of Kali has also been used by the DRDO scientists for testing the vulnerability of the electronic systems of the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA), which was then under development.

It has also helped in designing electrostatic shields to "harden" the LCA and missiles from microwave attack by the enemy as well as protecting satellites against deadly Electromagnetic Impulses (EMI) generated by nuclear weapons and other cosmic disturbances, which "fry" and destroy electronic circuits. Electronic components currently used in missiles can withstand fields of approx. 300 V/cm, while the fields in case of EMI attack reach thousands of V/cm.

As a Weapon:
The KALI's potential for a military role as a beam weapon has made it, in the eyes of the people, "India's Star Wars". However, weaponisation of the KALI will take some time. The system is still under development, and efforts are being made to make it more compact, as well as improve its recharge time, which, at the present, makes it only a single use system.

There are also issues of creating a complete system, which would require development of many more components. There have also been reports of placing the weaponized KALI in an Il-76 aircraft as an airborne defence system. There is also speculation of using the KALI as an Anti-satellite weapon and as a space-based weapon system, although it is unlikely that they would be implemented, given India's stance on those issues.

If weaponized, it is quite likely that KALI would be integrated into India's fledgling Ballistic Missile Defense program.


KALI = Kilo-Ampere Linear Injector
Kali is also the name of on all powerful demon killing Hindu godess.

According to scientists, ''soft killing" by high power microwaves has advantages over the so called laser weapon which destroys by drilling holes through metal.

The Kali system was developed for industrial applications and that the defence use was a recent spinoff.

Development of the Kali machine was mooted in 1985 by Dr Chidambaram, then director of BARC, but work earnestly began in 1989.

The machine essentially generated pulses of highly energetic electrons. Other components in the machine down the line converted the electrons into flash X-rays (for ultra high-speed photography) or microwaves. The electron beam itself can be used for welding.

The Defence Balistics Research Institute in Chandigarh is already using an X-ray version of Kali to study speed of projectiles.

Another defense institute in Bangalore is using a microwave-producing version of Kali which the scientists use for testing the vulnerability of the electronic systems going into the LCA Tejas under development and designing electrostatic shields to protect them from microwave attack by the enemy.

According to BARC scientists, the Kali machine has for the first time provided India a way to ''harden" the electronic systems used in satellites and missiles against the deadly electromagnetic impulses (EMI) generated by nuclear weapons.

The EMI wrecks havoc by creating intense electric field of several thousand volts per centimeter. The electronic components currently used in missiles can withstand fields of Just 300 volts per centimeter.

While the Kali systems built so far are single shot pulse power systems,the Kali-5000 is a rapid fire device, and hence its derrivative will be used as beam weapon.

According to BARC-published reports, the machine will shoot several thousand bursts of microwaves, each burst lasting for just 60 billionths of a second and packed with a power of about four gigawatts.

The high power microwave pulses travel in a straight line and do not dissipate their energy if the frequency falls between three and ten gigahertz.

Picture of its larger industrial version (dated 1998) (commisioned in 1999):


Its military version is currently in testing in Bangalore.

This pdf has some GREAT details of it (too complicated for me!)>> PDF file (only for PhD's !)

INDIA'S AMBITIOUS LASER BEAM WEPON KALI TESTED SUCCESSFULLY

  In January 2009, the Brahmos Army version was undergoing a specific user scenario test which failed. The missile overshot its target by a few kilometers.

No one ever knew what parameters were getting checked & what exactly went wrong. The media cover up was that the missile failed to detect its target in a simulated urban environment with similar target decoys scattered at close proximity. But it was widely speculated in defense forums that the Americans had sniffed the test in advance & had selectively turned off the GPS in the test area, talk about the good old American gift - ’to Russia with love’. This has led to India’s interest in having its own GPS system the GAGAN/IRNSS after talks failed, for India to be a part of the Russian GLONASS and the EU’s ‘Galileo’. Reportedly, the recent Brahmos tests with GLONASS receivers have been successful and it’s an important direction towards removing dependency on American GPS.

The modern economies & their armed forces in particular are heavily dependent on satellites. Reconnaissance imagery, communication via satellite phones, target co-ordinates for missiles launched by land, fighter aircrafts or ships, everything needs an input from the satellite in one way or the other.

Imagine a war theatre in 2050, it is definitely not going to be on the land, air or sea.

for manual co-ordinates from the local ATC, there would be no DTH TV and the F-22 would fall out of sky like a stone. The outcome is unimaginable chaos. I believe, with almost everyone having the N-bomb nowadays, thanks to AQ Khan, the next most powerful weapon will be a country’s capability to knock out the adversary’s satellites. This will also be the most potent deterrent in the years to come. It’s the 21st century ‘Little Boy’ that can bring a superpower to its knees.

Assuming CAG keeps doing a good job and the DRDO restructuring goes well, coupled with an 8% GDP growth, assuming ISRO/DRDO are exempted from international sanctions and technological apartheid; come 2025, and DRDO would present to the Indian armed forces the weaponized KALI – Kilo Ampere Linear Injector or the kinetic attack loitering interceptor. The Kali is a BARC-DRDO project started in 1985. Kali in simple terms is an electron injector. The electron beam is further concentrated to form a high energy EM ray. It is a high power X-ray/Microwave gun which can blast a missile or a satellite. The latest form of KALI is the Kali-5000 which can produce beams as strong as 40 GW, which is good enough to vaporize or cause extensive damage to electronic gadgetry. However currently at 26 tons, it is too heavy to be weaponized, it is too power hungry and needs a lot of recharge time.

The US already has been running the Kinetic Energy Anti-Satellite (KE-ASAT) program, funded by approx. $50 Mil yearly, and the Chinese have the ASAT program. The Chinese, however, have been much more innovative. They are speculated to have created the satellite suicide bomber, it is a ‘parasitic’ microsatellite or a Nano-satellite that attaches itself to a bigger satellite and then detonates itself on Beijing’s instruction. It is a new age predator beyond anyone’s imagination.

INDIA'S STAR WAR WEPON "KALI" UNVEILED

  KALI (kilo-ampere linear injector)

The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (Barc)'s powerful electron accelerating machine named
''Kali-5000`` which, its scientists say, can potentially be used as a beam
weapon.

Bursts of microwaves packed with gigawatts of power (one gigawatt is 1000
million watts) produced by this machine, when aimed at enemy missiles and
aircraft, will cripple their electronics systems and computer chips and
bring them down.

According to scientists, ''soft killing`` by high power microwaves has
advantages over the so called laser weapon which destroys by drilling
holes through metal.

According to Barc scientists, the Kali machine has for the first time
provided India a way to ''harden`` the electronic systems used in
satellites and missiles against the deadly electromagnetic impulses (Emi)
generated by nuclear weapons.

The Emi wrecks havoc by creating intense electric field of several
thousand volts per centimeter. The electronic components currently used in
missiles can withstand fields of Just 300 volts per centimeter.

While the Kali systems built so far are single shot pulse power systems
(they produce one burst of microwaves and the next burst comes much
later), Kali-5000 is a rapid fire device, and hence its potential as a
beam weapon.

According to Barc-published reports, the machine will shoot several
thousand bursts of microwaves, each burst lasting for just 60 billionths
of a second and packed with a power of about four gigawatts.

The high power microwave pulses travel in a straight line and do not
dissipate their energy if the frequency falls between three and ten
gigahertz.

According to Barc scientists, a microwave power of 150 megawatts has
already been demonstrated in earlier versions of Kali.

US INDIA DEFENCE DEAL TO COUNTER CHINA

America is attempting to forge a strategic alliance with India with a series of arms deals as the South Asian nation bolsters its defences against China.

Robert Gates, the US defence secretary, will arrive in New Delhi to strike a common position on Beijing with the Indian government.


His arrival comes as New Delhi decides whether the US firms Lockheed Martin and Boeing, or Russian and European rivals, will win a contract to supply the Indian air force with 126 combat aircraft in a £5 billion deal.

But the wider battle is for influence in Asia, with America seeking to shore up a tentative and controversial alliance with what it sees as a democratic counterweight to China.

One senior Indian military official said Washington was hoping to supply up to a quarter of India's military hardware over the next decade as its current stocks, predominantly originating in Russia or the former Soviet Union, become obsolete.

"Washington views Delhi as representing a strategic asset in the Asian region," the official said.

America has already agreed to help India develop civilian-use nuclear power despite New Delhi's failure to sign the nuclear non-proliferation treaty and its insistence on retaining its nuclear weapons arsenal.

That deal has met an impasse due to opposition from the Indian Communist Party, which sustains the coalition government of Manmohan Singh, the prime minister.

The Communists regard it as a "hegemonic" ploy to "enslave" India.

But many analysts see growing ties as inevitable as a post-Cold War realignment of strategic interests continues.

As the United States and China, which once saw themselves as informal allies against the Soviet Union, eye each other warily, Beijing has aligned itself diplomatically with Moscow.

The US, by contrast, regards India, which used to receive support from Moscow, as a natural ally.

"If the India-US civilian nuclear deal collapses, it will not impact on the growing military ties between the two countries," William Cohen, a former US defence secretary, said at a recent arms fair in New Delhi at which American companies were well represented. "In fact I see them growing."

According to the International Institute of Strategic Studies, India's military expenditure grew by 24 per cent last year, as it has become one of the largest buyers of defence equipment.

India's defence purchases are projected to double to more than £15 billion by 2012, climbing to £40 billion by 2022.

China, too, has been on an arms-buying spree in recent years and has also been developing its own capacity to build missiles, fighter jets and submarines.

Defense Minister Pranab Mukherjee opened the first phase of India’s giant western naval base INS Kadamba in Karwar

Defense Minister Pranab Mukherjee opened the first phase of India’s giant western naval base INS Kadamba in Karwar, Karnataka state, on May 31/05, saying it would protect the country’s Arabian Sea maritime routes. Kadamba has become India’s 3rd operational naval base, after Mumbai and Visakhapatnam. It is valuable for its location, and also for its ability to transcend the fundamental capacity and security limitations of India’s other 2 naval bases.

INS Kadamba is being built near Karwar in the southern state of Karnataka. That Phase I construction was just part of India’s ambitious “Project Seabird,” a potential INR 50+ billion project that will include the naval base, and much more besides.

 India finished a scaled-back Phase I a full decade after the originally-envisaged 1995 completion date. As might be expected, Phase II remains tied up, and is likely to be approved after it was supposed to have been finished…

INDIA'S MOST POWERFULL NAVAL BASE KARWAR GET AIRCRAFT CARRIER

                                          INS KADAMBA –– NAVAL BASE AT KARWAR              

Phase 1 of the Indian Navy’s spanking new naval base INS Kadamba, at Karwar just south of Goa, was commissioned by India’s Defence Minister Hon’ble Raksha Mantri Pranab Mukherjee on 31 May 05. Smt. Sonia Gandhi, the Chairperson of the ruling UPA government was also present on the historic occasion. The so called ‘Base Depot Ship’, will look after berthing and ship lift facilities and will add punch and power to the Indian Navy. It is expected to ultimately be able to berth the 44,000 ton INS Vikramaditya (Gorshkov) and Indian Navy’s 37,500 ton home built aircraft carrier, and relieve the congestion at the Navy’s base in Mumbai. The full achievement will be when the Navy releases some land for commercialisation and receives the proceeds.

Introduction
Karwar will be the Indian Navy’s third major naval base after Mumbai and Visakhapatnam, from where it can locate and manoeuvre its operational fleets. In fact the need for a third naval base was realised as far back as1961 during the Goa Operation due to the vulnerability of the naval base at Mumbai to spy surveillance, and finally in the early 1980s, Karwar town on India’s west Coast was chosen to build the new naval base (through the untiring and single minded efforts of the then naval chief Admiral O S Dawson).

In 1985, the “Political Affairs Committee of the Cabinet ” (CCPA) gave a “Go Ahead” sanction for setting up of a naval base at Karwar, code named Project Seabird at a cost of Rs.350 crores. The foundation stone for the project was laid by the then Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi, on 24 Oct 1986. In 1989, a consortium of consultants, which included M/s EIL Ltd, REDECON (Australia) and NEDECO (Netherlands).drew up a Master Plan.

The Master Plan envisaged infrastructure and facilities to be built in two phases, for basing of about 50 warships and associated yard craft. A detailed Project Report was prepared for in the early 1990’s Phase-I was approved infrastructure for basing 22 ships. However, the Project was delayed till 1995 due to a severe resource crunch and financial turbulence. In 1995, the government decided to implement ‘a truncated Phase I’ of Project Seabird for 10 warships and associated operational and administrative infrastructure to be executed in 10 years (i.e. by year 2005) at a completion cost of about Rs. 1290/- crores. In 2003, based on experience gained, advancement in the technology and changed political/strategic scenario certain facilities were upgraded/modified/added and a revised cost of the Project for about Rs. 2500 crores was approved.

Land Acquisition/Rehabilitation of Displaced Persons

The land required for execution of Project Seabird was approx. 4480 hectares, which was a mix of forest, revenue and private land. Over 4000 families living in 13 villages were required to be rehabilitated. The rehabilitation of the project affected families commenced in 1995 and this process went through various stages of negotiations, agitations, resistance, discussions and meetings with the involvement of local, state and national level political level leadership, including the High Court of Karnataka and National Human Rights Commission. Finally, at a meeting between the then Raksha Mantri and the CM of Karnataka in 1999, a comprehensive rehabilitation package was settled at a cost of Rs 126 crores as opposed to the original estimate of only Rs 9 crores. The actual work at site was to have been completed within 10 years (1995-2005), but could only commence in 2000 after the project affected families were rehabilitated in seven Rehabilitation Centers. The Project is being executed in a holistic manner with the involvement of all agencies.

The Apex Committee is headed by the RRM, and a Project Management Board chaired by the Defence Secretary, with the Vice Chief of Navy as the alternate Chairman. At the execution level is the Project Management Authority headed by a Director General. Project Seabird HQ are located at New Delhi and headed by Rear Admiral K Mohanrao, AVSM, VSM, the Director General, with a team of service and civilian officers from the Navy and Army. A Project Monitoring Team is located at Karwar under a Deputy Director General. The Project has employed professional consultants who monitor the work carried out by contractors of national and international repute.



Major Facilities –– Marine Works

The marine works mainly relate to the creation of a tranquil harbour, the dredging of the approach channel, anchorage area and the reclamation of 49 hectares of land. M/s NEDECO , Holland are the consultants and a consortium of three companies namely, M/s Larsen & Tubro (India) (L&T), M/s Hochtif (Germany) and Ballast Nadem Dredging (Holland) are the contractors for the construction of the harbour. The complete work including construction of 5.14 Kms of breakwaters was completed well ahead of schedule. The first Indian Naval ship entered the harbour on 14 Nov 2004.

Berthing Facilities

This is being built by M/s Skanska Cementation (India) Ltd. under the supervision of M/s REDECON, Australia who is the consultant. The pier of 420m length has been completed and the firstnaval ship was brought alongside on Navy Day, 04 Dec 2004. Shiplift - One of the unique features of Project seabird is Its Shiplift and Transfer System fordocking of the ships & submarines for repairs. The ship lift facility being installed by M/s Syncrolift Inc, USA is capable of handling ships up to 10,000 tons displacement and M/s REDECON Australia are the consultants. The facilities are nearly ready and trials are being scheduled in the near future. It is pertinent to note that a large number of Indian companies such as M/s L & T, BHEL, Shanti Gears, Coimbatore, General Engineering Works, Bangalore, etc. have been associated with M/s Syncrolift in construction and fabrication of the shiplift system, thereby ensuring not only indigenisation but also technology transfer and upgradation of Indian Industry.

Onshore Facilities

Construction of onshore facilities include a Naval Ship Repair Yard (NSRY), hospital, Naval Store Depot, Weapon Equipment Depot, Transport Workshop/Pool, Naval armament depot, Missile Technical position, a Naval Area HQ Complex, logistics
complex and other administrative facilities such as officers and sailors residential colonies, secondary and primary schools, shopping centers, welfare centre, family clinic, ration issue stands, sailors institute and cafeteria, bachelor officers and sailors accommodation and mess, Fleet Medical centre, etc. M/s MECON, (a Govt. of India Undertaking) is consultant for all onshore infrastructure and the works are executed by reputed contractors like M/s L&T, Nagarjuna Construction Company, BHEL, M/s Bridge & Roof, M/s IVRCL Ltd, etc. Some of the residential complexes have already been built and naval personnel have moved in. Environmental Management - Project seabird fully complies with the existing environmental Policy of Govt. of India and the complete Environmental Management Plan was approved by Ministry of Forest & Environment. The arboriculture and forestation are professionally planned and executed. The sewage is fully treated according to the latest environmental laws and treated water is planned to be recycled for arboriculture.

Important Milestones
(a)
Initial Sanction
1985

(b)
Foundation Stone Laying
24 Oct 1986 (By Shri Rajiv Gandhi)

(c)
Acquisition of Land
1985–1988

(d)
Master Plan & DPR
By 1990

(e)
Truncated Phase 1 Sanctioned
Oct 1995

(f)
Execution of Project
1995–2005

(g)
Rehabilitation Phase 1
1995–1999

(h)
Construction Commenced
2000

(i)
Priority Housing
Feb 2003

(j)
Breakwater Completed
Feb 2004

(k)
Sailors Residential Colony
Jul 2004

(l)
Anchorage Completed
Nov 2004

(m)
Pier Completed
Feb 2005

(n)
Officers Colony at Kamath Bay
Feb 2004

(o)
Karwar Naval Hospital
Feb 2005 (Temporary location)

(p)
Ship Lift Installed
Apr 2005 (Trials & testing due)




Other Infrastructure

The other major infrastructure such as 100-bedded naval hospital, ship repair yard, logistics complexes, officers residential colony at Binaga Bay, officers mess, etc. would be progressively completed in the second half of 2005. A school under the Kendriya Vidyalaya Sanghatan would commence in the coming academic year and a KG school is also being planned to commence from this year. Some of the infrastructure that was added in the revised sanction in 2003, such as yard-crafts, civillian accommodation complex, etc. would be ready by end 2006.

The commissioning of Phase 1 of the Karwar naval project is a solid achievement of the country and we congratulate the Government, MOD, IN and all agencies associated with the project. The massive project involved practically building a new harbour, complex naval infrastructure and township from scratch

THE INVISIBLE DEFENCE TECHNIQUE FROM INDIA

Invincible Defense

A New "Secret Weapon!"



After Mozambique's civil war, the economy boomed, and the crime rate decreased. President Alberto Joachim Chissano attributed the war's demise and these other positive trends largely to new human resource technology he called a "new secret weapon." He and many other military leaders are convinced that these changes occurred from the implementation of this new technology.



Surprisingly, the Joint Chiefs of Staff of Mozambique added another duty which involved a human resource-based technology. The Joint Chiefs assured selected military units of the Mozambique Ground, Naval and Air Forces that this radically different approach could unite the national spirit and prevent the civil war from flaring up again. At the same time, the new technology would prevent enemies outside the country from attacking. Even more surprising, the new "weapon" turned out to be a simple meditation technique practiced by groups of soldiers twice daily.



In the beginning, conventional military strategists scoffed at the novel strategy. However, today, due to Mozambique's success on many fronts, other governments may be attracted to the new strategy. The Mozambique military may have harnessed universal laws of nature. The basic principle is seen in physical systems. Certain "internally" coherent systems have the ability to protect themselves against disruptive influences, while "incoherent" systems are easily penetrated by disorder from the outside.



Invincibility Arises From A Coherent Source.

One example of such an "invincible shield" is the Meissner Effect (see figure). It takes place at the quantum level of superconductivity. In a superconductor, the coherent functioning of the electrons spontaneously excludes an external, disruptive magnetic field. This system maintains its impenetrable status because no random or chaotic activity can take place within it. Ordinary electrical conductors are not impenetrable because the random activity of incoherent and disordered electrons allows penetration of an external magnetic field

                                                                   

On the left, an external magnetic field penetrates an ordinary conductor whose electrons behave in a chaotic or disorderly way. On the right, the external magnetic field is excluded from the interior of a super-conductor whose electrons function in a coherent collective manner-invincibility. The Maharishi Effect creates invincible "national armor" that cannot be penetrated by the collective negativity of other countries.


Physics Describes the Unified Field.

Research in theoretical physics during the past decade has led to a progressively more unified understanding of profound and powerful laws of nature, culminating in the recent discovery of completely unified field theories. These theories locate a single field of intelligence at the basis of all matter and force fields in the universe. In this field, all the known fundamental forces of nature (the weak force, the strong force, the electromagnetic force, and gravitation) are unified.

Can the Unified Field be Harnessed?

Could this field of intelligence be tapped? Modern theorists have long puzzled over consciousness and its relationship to physics. To ancient societies, there was no puzzle: a coherent human mind was able to contact deeper levels of nature-levels that we would now place in the realm of quantum mechanics. Some modern physicists hold that the mind, and/or consciousness, can be located at the quantum mechanical level. If this is correct, then the mind has the ability to connect with more subtle levels of nature. Perhaps this is the secret underlying the technology used by Mozambique’s military.

Overcoming an Enemy Through A Technology Of The Unified Field

Research conducted by nearly 50 investigators representing 17 universities and research institutes indicates the immense power of the collective mind could be used not only to end a conflict, but also to prevent an enemy from arising in the first place. As unusual as this strategy may seem, a similar approach is gaining momentum in health care. Wise health care providers emphasize prevention-oriented strategies because preventing illness from arising is more cost-effective than to dealing with it once it has arisen. Might it be reasonable for any nation’s military to adopt this strategy to prevent terrorism, war and conflict?

The answer now appears to be "yes." Published scientific research indicates that any military can collectively create harmony and orderliness in society. Society exhibits its own collective spirit-which can have varying degrees of orderliness. Compare the American spirit after Pearl Harbor with the lack of it during the Vietnam conflict. Past experience worldwide shows that the spirit of the people is a powerful strategic asset.

Nearly 50 scientific studies indicate that the approach described above can increase orderliness and harmony in society. The results of these tests are too far-reaching to be explained by field effects associated with any of the four basic forces of nature, leading researchers to conclude that they arise from a more profound level-possibly the unified field of all the laws of nature.

Transcendental Meditation

The specific meditation techniques applied in Mozambique were the Transcendental Meditation (TM) and TM-Sidhi programmes. These simple, natural mental procedures apparently harness the unified field’s organizing power. The positive effects of these programmes have been documented in over fifty scientific studies. Many have appeared in leading peer-reviewed journals, such as The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Social Indicators Research, International Journal of Neuroscience, The Journal of Crime and Justice, and The Journal of Mind and Behavior.

The TM and TM-Sidhi programmes originate in the ancient Vedic tradition of India. More than five million people worldwide have learned it, including members of all religions and walks of life. Practice of the TM programme does not require changing one’s religious beliefs, dress, diet or personal attitude. Over forty years ago, scientist and educator Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, who is responsible for reviving the technique, predicted that a small fraction of the population could improve the quality of life for everyone simply by meditating twice a day. The tremendous strategic advantage that could be gained by implementing a unified field based technology to augment existing defence systems should not be overlooked.

The 1% And The Square Root of 1% Formulas

Over the years, published studies have documented societal changes due to practice of the TM programme. The changes include: reductions in war deaths and improvements in economic conditions, improved quality of life as well as reductions in crime, violence, accidents, and illness. These changes in social indicators all occurred when the number of meditators reached about 1% of the population in the area under study, whether a city, a province, or a nation. The studies involving participants in the more advanced TM-Sidhi programme showed similar results when only approximately the square root of 1% of the population were practicing the technique together in one place. In the early 1980’s, research revealed that coherence-creating groups collectively practicing the TM-Sidhi programme in Israel and other countries reduced the war deaths in Lebanon by 71%, war injuries by 68%, and the level of conflict by 48%, and cooperation among antagonists rose by 66%.




Quality of life in Israel, including intensity of the conflict in Lebanon, improves in direct proportion to the number of participants in the coherence-creating group. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 32(4), 776–812.


Coherence

This coherence-creating effect was first predicted by Maharishi years before scientific studies came along to support his prediction. He based this prediction on the knowledge contained in the ancient Vedic literature and on discussions with physicists about the coherent effects observed in physical systems such as the laser.

Laser light is much more powerful than light emitted from a conventional source. Astronauts on the moon could not see the millions of watts of conventional light illuminating New York City at night. However, they were able to see laser light originating from the earth at levels as low as 15 watts. This is the average energy output of a night-light! Why was the much dimmer 15 watt laser light visible, but the millions of watts originating from whole cities on Earth were not? The coherent light of a laser is different from conventional light. The intensity of normal light is emitted in direct proportion to the number of atoms involved. Excited atoms emit photons while returning to the ground state. This light is emitted at various frequencies in different directions, producing what a physicist would call "incoherent" light, all mixed up. In a laser, however, a type of collective behavior distinguished by its orderliness emerges. The atoms are in perfect correlation with each other and no longer act independently. They operate together as one complete and coherent system. The result is that the intensity of the light emitted by a number of atoms, N, increases tremendously, actually in proportion to N squared. If 100 atoms are perfectly in phase with one another in the laser, they will radiate with an intensity of 100 squared, or 10,000 times that of a single atom.

Illustration of Conventional Light and Laser Light



Research indicates that a similar quantum field effect appears to be created in the group during group practice of the TM-Sidhi program. The influence of this coherence radiates from the group to society. A simple analogy can be used to understand this concept. Imagine a large tank of water that is filled with floating corks all at rest. Grasping and bobbing just one of the corks up and down in the water create waves. These waves spread and in turn cause the others corks to start bobbing.

If Collective Consciousness Is Turbulent, Society Is Disorderly.

The abilities of individuals or groups practicing the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi techniques to reduce violence and war can be viewed from another perspective. Scientists postulate that every society has a collective consciousness. This collective consciousness is the sum of all the influences created by the individual members of that society. This collective consciousness, in turn, affects the thoughts and feelings of those same individuals. If the collective consciousness is turbulent and stressed, full of tension and fear, then disorder is liable to erupt in violence and warfare. Social injustice and unfavorable economic conditions thrive in disorderly environments. Religious, territorial, political and cultural differences are seized upon and used to further contribute to unrest. Thus the frustrated and dissatisfied population of any country contributes to its instability and disorder. Therefore, the build-up of friction in the nation becomes dangerous to its sovereignty, producing an unstable government that is more prone to war. Disorder can take the form of civil strife or of tension and conflict with neighboring countries. If a war between two nations, a civil war, or even a coup d'état, occurs, other groups or nations can exacerbate the situation as they take advantage of the situation. The reign of terror in France in the 1790’s and Germany in the 1930’s are among many historical examples of collective stress driving social disorder and spilling out into other nations.

The Military leaders of Mozambique, Leading Military Innovators

Concern over such disorder in their country prompted Mozambique's military leaders to deploy their secret weapon. They were trailblazers who applied this human-resource technology to increase coherence in the collective consciousness in their country. Obviously, this approach has not been widely accepted in military circles. Even though defensive radar systems routinely radiate electromagnetic waves over a hundred miles, the idea that human mind could have a similar effect-at-a-distance and could be used to create a defence system is novel. Many defence strategists see the mind and brain as the same. Consciousness is viewed as being trapped inside the head. The possibility that the proper collective use of the human minds of our military personnel could create a much more powerful and profound field effect has not been widely explored.

This is a revolutionary concept. But so were the ideas for many other aspects of our defence systems that are now considered vital. For instance, although the breech-loading rifle was far superior to muzzle loaders, it took years for armies to adopt. Even more extreme is the example of airpower. Few leaders thought that Billy Mitchell would bomb and sink mighty battleships with flimsy flying machines made out of wood, cloth, and baling wire. Military history has shown that new scientific technologies can give a strategic advantage, even at a distance. We need only look to the radar "shield" deployed in England during World War II. It maximized the fighting power of the under-sized Royal Air Force.

Many of today’s "tried and proven" technologies were yesterday’s pipe dreams. Mozambique may have secured a prominent place in military history. After the programme was underway in 1993, positive trends were noticed. Peace was maintained. Crime, which is normally expected to increase at the end of a war, actually decreased, as predicted by Maharishi Effect scientists. The next year, the military began to be demobilized. Lt. General Tobias Dai, then Commander of the Armed Forces (now the Defence Minister), noticed a sudden change. "What is very clear is that once the positive effect is created, if group practice is stopped, the previous tendencies of higher collective stress, as determined from the crime indexes and the tense situations in the country, began to rise again. In 1994, there was a remarkable decrease in coherence in the country as a result of decreased participation in the group practice of the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi Programme..."

Dai attributed the dip in coherence to the demobilization of the troops and anticipated ending of TM courses for future police officers. Dai also said in 1994 that "until now, although with several difficulties, the maintenance of peace has been possible during these 2 years, and free and just elections have been carried out..." Coherence-creating groups of meditators were re-created. A year later, the US National Defence council dropped Mozambique from the list of conflicts in the world, and stability has since been sustained. Perhaps it will not be long before Mozambique's military leaders are ranked along with other pioneers such as the Italian airpower advocate Giulio Douhet. General Douhet’s strategy still applies today: "Victory smiles upon those who anticipate the change in the character of war, not upon those who wait to adapt themselves after the changes occur." In the tradition of military pioneers, the militaries of other Africian countries could conduct their own coherence-creating groups which could hasten the progress of another dream--the prevention of terrorism, war and conflict.





Prevention Wings of the Military--Avert the Danger Before It Comes

The coherence-creating effects of this novel technology and its ability to reduce collective stress could easily be tested by other military research institutions. Such an experiment would be conducted by creating more "Prevention Wings of the Military" in Africa. Research indicates that the effect of introducing a coherent system of this magnitude would be enough to significantly reduce the collective stress in Africa.

Threats To Peace Greater than Ever

The post-USSR world has proven to be a more dangerous place than one might have imagined. There are no well-defined opponents. Nuclear weapons from the former Soviet arsenal and other weapons of mass destruction are allegedly available on the black market. No other military strategy effectively copes with the possibility of even one weapon winding up in the wrong hands. The terrorist attacks of September 11th and recent anthrax scare in the United States prove that no nation is safe.

New defense technologies must be continually evaluated and deployed to deal with such threats. The human resource-based technology outlined above has been successfully field-tested. Prevention Wings of the Military can be deployed quickly, and inexpensively, and deliver quantifiable results.

Victory Before War!

Warriors since ancient Chinese General Sun Tzu have championed the idea of winning without fighting. In his famous treatise The Art of War, Sun Tzu said: "To fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists of breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting." What the ancients called a clever fighter is one who not only wins, but excels in winning with ease. He wins his battles by making no mistakes. Making no mistakes is what establishes the certainty of victory, for it means conquering an enemy that is already defeated.

Following the successes of Mozambique's "Prevention Wing of the Military," more countries may soon apply this strategy to create the highest ideal of military service: Invincibility without harm for military personnel or the nation; and lasting peace for the world-victory before war.

About the Authors:

David R. Leffler, received his Ph.D. on the topic of Consciousness-Based Military Defense from The Union Institute in Cincinnati, Ohio. His other academic degrees include: a B.A. in Education and an M.A. in the Science of Creative Intelligence from Maharishi University of Management in Fairfield, Iowa and an M.M. in Education from New Mexico State University at Las Cruces. David was a member of the U.S. Air Force for eight years. He given presentations on Consciousness-Based Defence at the Russian Air Force Academy, The Russian Academy of Sciences as well as defence-related institutions in the USA. Other articles about invincible defense by Dr. Leffler are available at: http://www.davidleffler.com

Kurt W. Kleinschnitz, received his Ph.D. in Physics at Maharishi University of Management. He is completing a research program to develop an EEG-based indicator for the Maharishi Effect, the effect of increased orderliness in society, (e.g., reduction of war, conflict, crime, accidents, disease, etc., and improvement in economic trends) resulting for the group practice of the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi programs. He plans to use this indicator in a research program investigating the physics of this phenomenon, and the field-like nature of human consciousness. Kurt is a six-year veteran of the US Navy.

Kenneth G. Walton, received his Ph.D. in Molecular Biology at Vanderbilt University. He completed postdoctoral training in neurochemistry at Yale University psychobiology at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. He is currently Director of the Neurochemistry Laboratory at Maharishi University of Management, where he conducts a multifaceted research program on the neurochemistry of psychological states in relation to crime, substance abuse, and health.

Ensign Daniel K. Burke, USNR, earned his B.A. in the Science of Creative Intelligence and M.A. in Professional Writing at Maharishi University of Management. He is a combat veteran of U.S. Navy SEAL Teams with over 16 years of service, currently a member of Navy Reserves SEAL Team Eight. He has organized introductory lectures on the applied benefits of this research for several US military commands.

Susan Vegors, earned her Ph.D. in Cognitive Psychophysiology at Maharishi University of Management in Fairfield, Iowa, USA. Her research interests are mind-body interaction and the location of the mind in physical creation.

PUBLICATIONS ABOUT INVINCIBLE DEFENCE IN ENGLISH

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2001, October 15). Ending Conflict Between Ethiopia and Eritrea. Ethiopian-Eritrean Conflict Webpage, (Available at: http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Quad/6460/hf/98_6/end.html)

Astill, J. (2001, September 22). Meditation is path to peace, Mozambique leader says. The Guardian [UK], (Available at:http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,556139,00.html)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000, January 14). Mozambique's Prevention Wing of the Military: End war, Improve the economy. Africa Economic Analysis, (Available at: http://www.afbis.com/analysis/mozambiq.htm)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000, January 13). Preventing war with Consciousness-Based defence. The Daily Mail & Guardian, (Available at: http://www.mg.co.za/mg/news/2000jan1/13jan-tm.html)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000, January 20-26). Preventing the flood of refugees in Tanzania. The Express, (Available from: http://www.davidleffler.com/express.htm)

Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. (1999, October-December). Sovereignty in Invincibility, Indian Defence Review, 15(4), 189. (Available at:http://maharishi.invincibledefence.org/sovereignty_in_invinc.html)

International Relations. (1999, December). The Flying Squad--If military might can’t secure peace, what can? Members of the Maharishi Vedic Universities tell Defence Review that ancient Vedic philosophy is the answer, Defence Review, (Available at: http://maharishi.invincibledefence.org/defence_articles/article1.html)

Leffler, D.R., Walton, K.G, & Badhwar, R. (2001, June 23). Comments regarding the IDC analysis of Maharishi's Supreme Military Science--A Revolutionary Change in the Character of Military Intervention. India Defence Consultants, (Available at: http://www.indiadefence.com/maharishi1.htm)

Leffler, D.R., Walton, K.G. & Badhwar, R. (2001, June 13). Maharishi's Supreme Military Science--A revolutionary change in the character of military intervention. India Defence Consultants, (Available at: http://www.indiadefence.com/SupremeMilitaryi.htm)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000). Preventing war and terrorism. Security And Political Risk Analysis (SAPRA) Bulletin, (Available at: http://www.subcontinent.com/sapra/military/img_1999_12_001.html)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000, May/June). Spiritual politics: Consciousness-Based defense. Tikkun, 15(3), pp. 58-59. (Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/tikkun.html)

Leffler, D.R., Kleinschnitz, K.W., & Walton, K.G. (1999, May 1). An alternative to military violence and fear-based deterrence: Twenty years of research on the Maharishi Effect. Security And Political Risk Analysis (SAPRA India), (Available at: http://www.subcontinent.com/sapra/military/m_1999_05_01.html)

Mc Enery, B., & Leffler, D.R. (2001, September 1). A Scientific Formula to Create Invincible National Defence in India (Through a Vedic Approach). India Forward, (Available at: http://www.indiaforward.com/InvincibleIndia.htm)

Leffler, D.R., (1997). A Vedic approach to military defense: Reducing collective stress through the field effects of consciousness. (Doctoral Dissertation, The Union Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1997). Dissertation Abstracts International, 58(08), 3298A. (Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/doctoraldissertation.html)

Leffler, D.R. (1992, Spring). A new military science in Moscow. Insight, 3(1), pp. 14-15. (Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/insight.html)

PUBLICATIONS IN OTHER LANGUAGES

Leffler, D.R. & Leffler, L.M. (2000, June). Prevenir les souffrances de guerre. 3 P - Plus, Parole-Plume-Papier, 24, p. 2. (Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/guerre.html)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000, May/June). La Politica Espiritual: La Defensa Militar Basada en la Conciencia. (Spanish translation of "Spiritual politics: Consciousness-Based defense). Tikkun, 15(3), pp. 58-59. (Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/espanol.html)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000, Janvier 14). L'unité de prévention dans l'armée du Mozambique: la fin de la guerre civile et l'amélioration de l'économie (French translation of "Mozambique's Prevention Wing of the Military: End war, Improve the economy"). francemedicale.com, (Available at: http://www.francemedicale.com/meditation_paix_Afrique.html)

Leffler, D.R., & Leffler, L.M. (2000, January 14). La Rama Preventiva del Ejercito de Mozambique: Terminar la Guerro Civil, Mejorar la Economia. (Spanish translation of "Mozambique's prevention wing of the military: End war, improve the economy"). Africa Economic Analysis, (Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/militar.html)

Leffler, D.R., Kleinschnitz, K.W., & Walton, K.G. (1999). Eine Alternative zu militärischer Gewalt und einer Angst erzeugenden Verteidigung: Zwanzig Jahre Erforschung des Maharishi-Effekts (German translation of "An alternative to military violence and fear-based deterrence: Twenty years of research on the Maharishi Effect"). kosovofrieden.de, (Available at: http://www.davidleffler.com/MaharishiEffekt.html)



References provided by Michael Larrass larrass@rogers.com :

During the past 25 years, the approach of the group practice of Transcendental Meditation/TM-Sidhi Program including Yogic Flying to conflict resolution has been subjected to extensive scientific investigation and repeatedly shown to diffuse acute ethnic, political and religious tensions; to quell violence and open warfare in war-torn areas such as the Middle East; and to dramatically reduce global terrorism. Many of these applications took the form of carefully controlled experiments, and the findings withstood the strenuous process of anonymous peer review and were published in leading scientific journals. See results at: http://permanentpeace.org/research/index.html
***
Many independent scientists have examined the research on the Invincible Defense Technology, including neuroscientists, psychologists, sociologists, and statisticians. Here are some of their comments:

"This work...deserves the most serious consideration."

"The claim can be plausibly made that the potential impact of this research exceeds that of any other ongoing social or psychological research program. The research has survived a broader array of statistical tests than most research in the field of conflict resolution. I think this work, and the theory that informs it, deserve the most serious consideration by academics and policy makers alike."
David Edwards, Ph.D., Professor of Government at the University of Texas at Austin

"We have to take these studies seriously."
"In the studies that I have examined on the impact of the Maharishi Effect [Invincible Defense Technology] on conflict, I can find no methodological flaws, and the findings have been consistent across a large number of replications in many different geographical and conflictual situations. As unlikely as the premise may sound, I think we have to take these studies seriously."
Ted Robert Gurr, Ph.D., Professor of Government and Politics at the University of Maryland, one of the most well-respected scholars in the field of conflict analysis

"The work was sound."

"The hypothesis definitely raised some eyebrows among our reviewers. But the statistical work is sound. The numbers are there. When you can statistically control for as many variables as these studies do, it makes the results much more convincing. This evidence indicates that we now have a new technology to generate peace in the world."
Raymond Russ, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology , University of Maine and editor, Journal of Mind and Behavior, which has published two papers on this approach
"This is exciting research. It is a non-traditional conception, but the straightforward evidence gives the theory credence in my eyes."
Ved Nanda, expert in peace studies and director of the International Legal Studies Program at the University of Denver

"An impressive, statistically significant correlation."
"The data show an impressive, statistically significant correlation: a decrease in violent crime for the time period over which the group meditated. An impressive number of variables were considered in analyzing the data, and I am satisfied that the research team made a serious effort to examine the data in the light of numerous other possible influences."
Beverly Rubik, Ph.D., biophysicist and Director of the Center for Frontier Sciences at Temple University

"A new paradigm of viewing crime and violence."
"I want to express my support for this research. What we really are looking at here I think is a new paradigm of viewing crime and violence, and the new paradigm says, look to the individual acting in concert with other individuals to reduce crime constructively. . . . Having worked extensively on social problems in the District of Columbia for some 24 years at the University of District of Columbia . . . I'd like to encourage taking this new idea very seriously. . . . I would like to recommend that this new model that is being offered and advanced here, after a number of exhaustive and very carefully controlled studies, be considered, and that we think about ways that it might be implemented in the inner city with youth and community people who live there."
Anne Hughes, Ph.D., Professor of Sociology and
Government at the University of District of Columbia

"Sound results which demand serious interest"
"I was initially skeptical, but having studied the research completed to date, I have concluded that these studies on the Maharishi Effect [Invincible Defense Technology] have subjected theory to proper empirical tests. They have shown sound results which demand serious interest. This method should be applied more widely in programs to reduce crime."
Ken Pease, Ph.D., Professor of Criminology, University of Huddersfield. Board Member, British Home Office National Crime Prevention Board, 1993-96. Chairman of CIRAC, Centre for the Independent Research and Analysis of Crime

"This research...demands action"

"I have been following the research on the Maharishi Effect [Invincible Defense Technology] as it has developed over the last twenty years. There is now a strong and coherent body of evidence showing that [this approach] provides a simple and cost-effective solution to many of the social problems we face today. This research and its conclusions are so strong, that it demands action from those responsible for government policy."
Huw Dixon, Ph.D., Professor of Economics, York University, England


For more information: http://permanentpeace.org/support.html

For updated status report: The Peace and Well Being of Nations: An Analysis of Improved Quality of Life and Enhanced Economic Performance Through the Maharishi Effect in New Zealand, Norway, USA, Cambodia, and Mozambique. A Longitudinal, Cross-Country, Panel-Regression Analysis of the IMD Index of National Competitive Advantage by Guy David Hatchard Ph.D. and Kenneth Cavanaugh Ph.D.

INDIA TEST FIRED A SECRET WEPON CALLED ANTI GRAVITY DEVICES

Dighi in Pune, the city of the brightest Indian defense research scientists and engineers is full of whispers these days. According to some sources in Pune the scientists are tight lipped and say they cannot speak till 2012. What is going to happen in 2012? No one knows but they keep saying before any question is asked – “I know nothing!” If you carefully keep your ears on these whispers you will realize India has tested something no one wants to talk about, It is a break through in conventional Physics and traditional mechanical and aeronautical engineering.

Still the question comes back why should all stay quiet till 2012? Where did this anti-gravity technology come from? Strange activities are being seen for quite some time in the Indian side of Himalayas. Some say the technology came from a Tampere University of Technology in Finland where an Indian scientist was research engineer. Others says it is really a planned diversion – it came from indigenous research that started in 1070s just after India exploded the first nuclear device in Pokhran. Mrs. Indira Gandhi in late seventies while communicating with news journalists once in Kolkata during a whirlwind election trip mentioned that India must research forgotten technologies that were part of Hindu mythologies like Ramayana and Mahabharata. When quizzed further she mentioned that like in ancient days we should be able to fly effortlessly.

Anti gravity technology can change India and the world. Uses seem limited only by the imagination: Lifts in buildings could be replaced by devices built into the ground. People wanting to go up would simply activate the anti-gravity device -- making them weightless -- and with a gentle push ascend to the floor they want.

Space-travel would become routine, as all the expense and danger of rocket technology is geared towards combatting the Earth's gravitation pull. By using the devices to raise fluids against gravity, and then conventional gravity to pull them back to earth against electricity-generating turbines, the devices could also revolutionize power generation.

India will most likely announce the discovery as part of peaceful innovation series. But obviously the military applications can make conventional missiles and aircrafts obsolete overnight.

Effortless lifting and low cost denial of gravity can change our world. And if the whispers are right, India may be changing the world forever. But why the magic year 2012? Why everything has to be kept secret till then?